Whilst I formally studied film and television production you can learn a lot of the foundations by yourself. In this post I run through some of the most important resources I have found over the years for learning film and television production (Note: Some may be dated). After getting an understanding of the basics you really need to get out and shoot, practice, practice, practice (More to come on shooting).
Books
Film Production
The Five C's of Cinematography: Motion Picture Filming Techniques
Film directing, shot by shot : visualizing from concept to screen